In this paper, we propose a new method to analyze the effect of peer review activities in the English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) writing classes. Although a number of studies on peer review activities have been conducted in the last two decades, no method that can objectively analyze the effects of the approach has been proposed thus far. We surmised the degree of difference of the essays by focusing on the estimation of similarity of the documents using the normalized compression distance (NCD), a compression-based classification algorithm. We have applied the NCD measures to the student reports in the college EFL writing courses. The proposed method was found to be beneficial in evaluating the writings of the pre and post peer review activities.