Spin-photonic devices, represented by spin-polarized light emitting diodes and spin-polarized photodiodes, have great potential for practical use in circularly polarized light (CPL) applications. Focusing on the lateral-type spin-photonic devices that can exchange CPL through their side facets, this review describes their functions in practical CPL applications in terms of: (1) Compactness and integrability, (2) stand-alone (monolithic) nature, (3) room temperature operation, (4) emission with high circular polarization, (5) polarization controllability, and (6) CPL detection. Furthermore, it introduces proposed CPL applications in a wide variety of fields and describes the application of these devices in biological diagnosis using CPL scattering. Finally, it discusses the current state of spin-photonic devices and their applications and future prospects.
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