In the civil engineering field of Japan, enabling public involvement is thought to be as a key factor to make better plans, systems and the infrastructures themselves, as well as to be supported by the taxpayers. In spite of the expectation, the process guideline issued by the government states processes reflecting users’ (in this case residents’ and public's) opinions only into the conceptual plans and thus the findings are not reflected to later project processes. In this study, Japan’s infrastructure project processes are first introduced to figure out the characteristics of stakeholders and project processes. Then preceding studies in the field are reviewed to understand the needs and obstacles in terms of applying the Human-centered Design processes and methodologies to obtain better plans. As the result of the review, issues are raised that considerations are necessary to fit the characteristics of infrastructure planning such as longer and larger project size, and less dense interaction with the users.
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