Ensemble-averaged measurements have revealed the physicochem. basis of electron transfer (ET) through biomols., which is foundational to the development of bioelectronic devices for anal. and diagnosis. However, such measurements can obscure single-mol. kinetics that are pertinent to the underlying science and practical applications. We used DNA to study the distance dependence of the intramol. ET kinetics by measuring fluorescence blinking. The systematic measurement of the distance dependence of the ET rate up to 竏ｼ27 ﾃ� clearly demonstrated the single-mol. measurement of ET kinetics and highlighted the large heterogeneity in the ET rate. Each nucleic acid has a specific ET rate, and thus one can obtain sequence information by measuring the ET rate through nucleic acids. We applied single-mol. ET measurement to detect isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mRNA point mutations, which are correlated with treatment efficacy in adult gliomas. We identified the mRNA point mutation in pathol. specimens prepared from human glioma model cultured cells.
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