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Title
Japanese:Programmable matter by folding 
English:Programmable matter by folding 
Author
Japanese: E. Hawkes, B. An, N. M. Benbernou, H. Tanaka, S. Kim, E. D. Demaine, D. Rus, R. J. Wood.  
English: E. Hawkes, B. An, N. M. Benbernou, H. Tanaka, S. Kim, E. D. Demaine, D. Rus, R. J. Wood.  
Language English 
Journal/Book name
Japanese:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 
English:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 
Volume, Number, Page Vol. 107        pp. 12441-12445
Published date July 13, 2010 
Publisher
Japanese: 
English:National Academy of Sciences 
Conference name
Japanese: 
English: 
Conference site
Japanese: 
English: 
Official URL http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/06/24/0914069107.abstract
 
DOI https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0914069107
Abstract Programmable matter is a material whose properties can be programmed to achieve specific shapes or stiffnesses upon command. This concept requires constituent elements to interact and rearrange intelligently in order to meet the goal. This paper considers achieving programmable sheets that can form themselves in different shapes autonomously by folding. Past approaches to creating transforming machines have been limited by the small feature sizes, the large number of components, and the associated complexity of communication among the units. We seek to mitigate these difficulties through the unique concept of self-folding origami with universal crease patterns. This approach exploits a single sheet composed of interconnected triangular sections. The sheet is able to fold into a set of predetermined shapes using embedded actuation. To implement this self-folding origami concept, we have developed a scalable end-to-end planning and fabrication process. Given a set of desired objects, the system computes an optimized design for a single sheet and multiple controllers to achieve each of the desired objects. The material, called programmable matter by folding, is an example of a system capable of achieving multiple shapes for multiple functions.

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