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Title
Japanese: 
English:Long‐Term Changes in Global Socioeconomic Benefits of Flood Defenses and Residual Risk Based on CMIP5 Climate Models 
Author
Japanese: Lim Wee Ho, 山崎大, KOIRALA Sujan, 平林由希子, 鼎信次郎, Dadson Simon J., Jim W. Hall, Fubao Sun.  
English: Wee Ho Lim, Dai Yamazaki, Sujan KOIRALA, Yukiko Hirabayashi, Shinjiro Kanae, Simon J. Dadson, Jim W. Hall, Fubao Sun.  
Language English 
Journal/Book name
Japanese: 
English:Earth’s Future 
Volume, Number, Page Volume 6    Issue 7    Page 938-954
Published date July 2018 
Publisher
Japanese: 
English: 
Conference name
Japanese: 
English: 
Conference site
Japanese: 
English: 
Official URL https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017EF000671
 
DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000671
Abstract A warmer climate is expected to accelerate the global hydrological cycle, causing more intense precipitation and floods. Despite recent progress in global flood risk assessment, the socioeconomic benefits of flood defenses (i.e., reduction in population/economic exposure) and the residual risk (i.e., residual population/economic exposure) are poorly understood globally and regionally. To address these knowledge gaps, we use the runoff data from a baseline and 11 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models to drive the Catchment‐based Macro‐scale Floodplain model incorporating the latest satellite river width information. From the simulated annual maxima, we use a Gumbel distribution to estimate the river water depth‐flood return period relationship. We independently evaluate flood impacts on population and economy (i.e., gross domestic product) for a range of flood return periods. We estimate the socioeconomic benefits and the corresponding residual risk for the globe and 26 subcontinental regions. The global population (gross domestic product) exposed to flooding is ∼8% (∼7%) per year lower when implementing existing flood protection infrastructure extracted from the FLOod PROtection Standards database. If the current flood defenses were to be unchanged in the future (Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 [RCP4.5] and RCP8.5, i.e., ∼2 to ∼4.3°C above the preindustrial levels), the globe and most of the regions (particularly where developing countries are concentrated) would experience an increase in residual risk. This increase is especially obvious when the gap of climate forcing between RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 widens by the end of the 21st century. We finally evaluate the impact of changed flood defense levels on the socioeconomic benefits and the corresponding residual risk.

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