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Title
Japanese:Evidence for light-by-light scattering in heavy-ion collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC 
English:Evidence for light-by-light scattering in heavy-ion collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC 
Author
Japanese: M. Aaboud, 陣内 修, 久世 正弘, 山口 洋平, et al..  
English: M. Aaboud, Osamu Jinnouchi, Masahiro.Kuze, Youhei Yamaguchi, et al..  
Language English 
Journal/Book name
Japanese:Nature Physics 
English:Nature Physics 
Volume, Number, Page Vol. 13    No. 9    pp. 852-858
Published date Sept. 2017 
Publisher
Japanese: 
English: 
Conference name
Japanese: 
English: 
Conference site
Japanese: 
English: 
Official URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85028933316&doi=10.1038%2fnphys4208&partnerID=40&md5=c4e578f1198330fa6a50a22bb830e1c7
 
DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4208
Abstract Light-by-light scattering ($\gamma\gamma\rightarrow\gamma\gamma$) is a quantum-mechanical process that is forbidden in the classical theory of electrodynamics. This reaction is accessible at the Large Hadron Collider thanks to the large electromagnetic field strengths generated by ultra-relativistic colliding lead (Pb) ions. Using 480 $\mu$b$^{-1}$ of Pb+Pb collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV by the ATLAS detector, the ATLAS Collaboration reports evidence for the $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow\gamma\gamma$ reaction. A total of 13 candidate events are observed with an expected background of 2.6$\pm$0.7 events. After background subtraction and analysis corrections, the fiducial cross section of the process $\textrm{Pb+Pb}\,(\gamma\gamma)\rightarrow \textrm{Pb}^{(\ast)}\textrm{+}\textrm{Pb}^{(\ast)}\,\gamma\gamma$, for photon transverse energy $E_{\mathrm{T}}>$3 GeV, photon absolute pseudorapidity $|\eta|<$2.4, diphoton invariant mass greater than 6 GeV, diphoton transverse momentum lower than 2 GeV and diphoton acoplanarity below 0.01, is measured to be 70 $\pm$ 24 (stat.) $\pm$ 17 (syst.) nb, which is in agreement with Standard Model

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