Continuous structural health monitoring of a steel building specimen on the full-scale shaking table test is conducted for investigating modal properties of a passively controlled steel building subjected to large earthquakes. The main results in the paper are summarized as follows: (1) The changes in the first natural frequency due to the construction works and seismic experiences can be detected clearly. (2) Within tiny deformation of ambient vibration different characteristics in natural frequency and damping factors is observed in use of different types of seismic control devices.