A cationic rhodium(I)/Segphos complex catalyzes a [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddn. of internal 1,6-diynes MeC竕。CCH2XCH2C竕。CMe (X = O, NTs, 4-BrC6H4SO2N) with a phosphonate- or ester-substituted 1,3-butadiyne RC竕。CC竕。CR [R = P(O)(OEt)2, CO2Et] leading to C2-sym. axially chiral biaryl diphosphonates or dicarboxylates, resp., e.g. I [R = P(O)(OEt)2, CO2Et], in high yields with outstanding ee's. The use of a phosphonate- or ester-substituted 1,3-butadiyne as a cycloaddn. partner and Segphos as a ligand is crucial for the success of this transformation. [on SciFinder(R)]