Thermal isomerization of cyclobutaphenanthrene to o-quinodimethane was investigated. Sterically congested substituents or electron-donating substituents on the four-membered ring promoted the ring-opening, affording o-quinodimethane in a relatively stable form. Isolation of the newly prepd. o-quinodimethane allowed its structural elucidation and investigation of its potential reactivities. Dual [4+2] cycloaddn. of an aryne and o-quinodimethane afforded tetrabenzopentacene, demonstrating the synthetic application of the isolated compd. [on SciFinder(R)]