The International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies 2021
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This study aimed to treat mine wastewater containing harmful heavy metals using activated carbon prepared from waste pine sawdust for the solution of the local problems of water pollution and huge piles of unutilized waste pine sawdust from sawmill industry in the Copper Belt Province, Zambia. In the first, Zambian pine sawdust was characterized by ultimate, proximate, and thermogravimetric analyses. The composition of the pine sawdust was similar to those in a previous study and the carbon content was relatively high, so as to obtain activated carbon with high yield. This pine sawdust was converted into activated carbon using chemical activation. The activated carbon could be obtained with the fractional yield of 50% relative to the original pine sawdust at maximum. The highest values of the specific surface area and micropore volume of the activated carbon were 1700×103 m2 kg-1 and 9.2×10-4 m3 kg-1, respectively. Using this prepared activated carbon as an adsorbent, batch equilibrium adsorption of model mine wastewater containing Cu and Co as heavy metals was conducted. Heavy metals in the model wastewater could be removed by the activated carbon and the fractional removal of Cu and Co attained around 90%. The adsorption isotherms of Cu and Co on the activated carbon followed Langmuir Equation. The saturated adsorbed amounts of these heavy metals increased with the specific surface area of activated carbon. Based on these experimental results of the yield of activated carbon and the saturated adsorbed amounts of heavy metals with datum of the real mine wastewater and waste pine sawdust in the Copper Belt Province, the simple material balances of the heavy metals and pine sawdust were calculated. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon produced from the waste pine sawdust was larger than the amount of the heavy metals discharged, so that this technique was proposed as a possible method to treat the mine wastewater.
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