A comparative study on road-based urban public transport policies in six Asian countries from the viewpoint of governance, urban planning and financial aspects
In this study, we conducted an international comparative study on road-based urban public transport policies in six Asian countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. We paid attention especially to governance, urban planning and financial aspects as important background factors for considering road-based urban public transport policies. We found that the assignment of the administration on road-based urban public transport was different in the six countries. Among three urban planning measures, zoning for Transit Oriented Development and land development permission were implemented in all six countries. However, coordination with public transport through these two mechanisms was not necessarily established. In relation to financial policy for public transport, the six countries share many common policies. The exception in terms of the subsidy to paratransit was Japan where paratransit mode serviced in the area with serious population decrease.
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