Crystal-crystal phase transformation by external stimuli has attracted significant attention for application in switchable materials, which can change their structures and properties. Herein, it is revealed that N-salicylidene-p-aminobenzoic acid crystals undergo a two-step crystal-crystal phase transformation through a gas-solid reaction with aqua-ammonia vapor. The photochromic behavior of the crystals switched from nonphotochromic to photochromic and back to nonphotochromic via a phase transformation. The two-step phase transformation and photochromic behavior change were characterized and correlated by X-ray crystal structure anal., UV-Vis spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and SEM. This article is the first report to capture the stepwise structural change in the gas-solid (acid-base) reaction of ammonia with benzoic acid derivs. [on SciFinder(R)]
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