Synthesis of smart ZnO@Mg(OH)<inf>2</inf> core?shell nanocomposite and its application for methylene blue photocatalytic degradation: Life cycle sustainability assessment and techno-economics
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和文:
Khumbolake Faith Ngulube,
Amal Abdelhaleem,
Amal Abdelhaleem,
藤井 学,
Mahmoud Nasr.
While several studies have developed photocatalysts for textile dye degradation, there is still a research gap in demonstrating the associated techno-economic, environmental, and potential impacts. Hence, this study focuses on developing an innovative photocatalytic material for persulfate-assisted methylene blue (MB) degradation, followed by designing an up-scale photocatalytic system, estimating the wastewater treatment unit price, and identifying the process life cycle. A ZnO@Mg(OH)2 core-shell nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized, depicting 2.77 eV band-gap energy, 64.0 % crystallinity index, and 145 nm particle size, with 21.7 nm pore radius, 0.418 cm3/g pore volume, and 38.603 m2/g. The MB removal efficiency exceeded 90 % at 60 mg-MB/L, 658 mg/L catalyst dosage, pH of 3.2, and 1468 mg/L oxidant level within 90 min. These experimental data were involved in designing a ZnO@Mg(OH)2 nanocomposite synthesis process for treating 10 m3/d of dye-laden wastewater, giving capital expenditure and operating cost of 2.7 and 4.0 USD/m3, respectively. The life cycle analysis (LCA) boundary included inputs (energy, catalyst material, textile wastewater, and chemicals), and outputs (treated effluent and exhausted catalyst material). The LCA results depicted that the as-prepared photocatalyst should be appropriately disposed of because it affects the “Terrestrial ecotoxicity potential” mid-point category and “Natural resources” end-point environmental impact criterion.
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